Este estudio es una propuesta de implantación de un modelo de enseñanza por competencias en la Universidad, aprovechando la experiencia de la integración desde hace unos años, de una nueva asignatura transversal en los cursos de piloto llamada KSA (Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes o lo que es lo mismo, conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes), impuesta por la Agencia Europea de Seguridad Aérea (EASA) para todas las Escuelas de Aviación de los Estados miembros, lo que obligó al cambio de los planes de (...) estudio y objetivos de aprendizaje del curso de piloto, en especial del grado universitario. (shrink)

We conducted three studies to examine how the recipients of negative workplace gossip judge the gossip sender’s morality and how they respond behaviorally. Study 1 provided experimental evidence that gossip recipients perceive senders as low in morality, with female recipients rating the sender’s morality more negatively than male recipients. In a follow-up experiment (Study 2), we further found that perceived low morality translates into behavioral responses in the form of career-related sanctions by the recipient on the gossip sender. A critical (...) incident study (Study 3) enhanced the external validity and extended the moderated mediation model by showing that gossip recipients also penalize senders with social exclusion. We discuss the implications for practice and research on negative workplace gossip, gender differences in attributions of morality, and gossip recipients’ behavioral responses. (shrink)

El artículo trata de aplicar las concepciones gramscianas al estudio de la primera constitución española. En el análisis se observan cuestiones relacionadas con la educación y los grupos hegemónicos intentando aportar nuevos datos tras la interpretación.

Based on experience in marriage counseling and contributions made by philosophy of phenomenology and psychology, we have carried out an in-depth analysis of the forgiveness process in the marriage relationship. Philosophy of phenomenology allows to define the conceptual framework of the marriage relationship and its essential features, which gives the therapist a reference to guide the therapeutical process. The description of the process is enriched with contributions of Psychology and particularly Systemic Family Theories. We have identified a number of steps (...) in the forgiveness process, which can be summarized as the passing from the initial pain, through the recovery of dignity and hope, up to the final consciousness of having reached forgiveness, where the intrapersonal process in the offended spouse is imbricated with the interpersonal relationship with the partner in marriage. This interdisciplinary perspective, bringing together clinical practice, philosophy of phenomenology, and psychology, has proven particularly fruitful: it has allowed us to identify when forgiveness becomes a case of regeneration and strengthening of the bonds of marriage, or on the contrary, the cases in which the problems, together with situations of imbalance or relational pathology progress to a chronic state. Apart from this, we have reflected upon the practical application of this theoretical approach in a therapeutic context with couples that need to pass through the forgiveness process, paying special attention to the risks they may encounter. Finally, we suggest possibilities for further investigations along these interdisciplinary lines of study. (shrink)

One of the measures adopted by the government of Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic has been the elimination of face-to-face classes in all universities, requiring that all teachers had to conduct their classes in an online mode. The objective of this article is to study how this adaptation among university teachers affected their job performance due to the technostress that they may have suffered. Based on the person-environment misfit theory, the sample consisted of 239 teachers from face-to-face and online universities (...) in Spain who were asked to identify the type of technostress, feelings of technostress, and impact on job performance as a result of online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that teachers who suffered the most from the negative consequences of technology have been female teachers from face-to-face universities who are older, have more years of experience, and consequently, hold a higher position. Despite previous results none of the above variables have been significant in explaining the decline in job performance during confinement. It was also observed that although the effect on job performance was similar for online teachers as well as face-to-face teachers, the variables that explained this effect were different. For the online teachers, there was a misfit between the demands and resources, which are explained based on the previous theory. Teachers from face-to-face universities pointed to the lack of instructions from their organization, along with subjective feelings of techno-inefficacy, as the reasons behind the decline in job performance during the lockdown period. Looking ahead to future research on the incorporation of information and communications technology in teaching work, it is necessary to consider variables associated with technostress, both objective and subjective, in order to increase the effectiveness of integrating emerging technology into teaching work. (shrink)

Banking firms are becoming increasingly aware that their clients’ management of environmental and social risks may in term threaten their own business as lenders and investors. In addition, stakeholders are requiring banks to improve their social performance. As a result, some banks are developing corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and management systems to reduce potential risks and improve their performance. In the Spanish financial system, half of the banking firms are savings banks, most of which have always used some Corporate (...) Social Responsibility (CSR) criteria in their management. Private Banks have only recently started to integrate social aspects in their performance. However, no formal analysis has been carried out on the impact of CSR strategies. Various initiatives have been launched nationally and internationally to include the social dimension in management systems. The purpose of this research is to analyse the social performance of the main Spanish financial companies through public data such as social or sustainability reports and media sources. In order to do this, we need to determine which CSR criteria most greatly affect banking firms and to choose the most accurate quantitative and qualitative indicators to measure social performance. (shrink)

The analysis of difference and identity questions brought Iris Marion Young to develop a metaphor of collective identity, the city, which included the diversity that characterizes all human groups. This article honors Iris Marion Young by challenging the question of identity in contemporary feminism and social sciences. María Martínez González argues that we need new identity and collective identity metaphors in order to understand the complexity of contemporary feminist praxis.

The impact of new advanced technology on issues that concern meaningful information and its relation to studies of intelligence constitutes the main topic of the present paper. The advantages, disadvantages and implications of the synthetic methodology developed by cognitive scientists, according to which mechanical models of the mind, such as computer simulations or self-organizing robots, may provide good explanatory tools to investigate cognition, are discussed. A difficulty with this methodology is pointed out, namely the use of meaningless information to explain (...) intelligent behavior that incorporates meaningful information. In this context, it is inquired what are the contributions of cognitive science to contemporary studies of intelligent behavior and how technology may play a role in the analysis of the relationships established by organisms in their natural and social environments. (shrink)

The impact of new advanced technology on issues that concern meaningful information and its relation to studies of intelligence constitutes the main topic of the present paper. The advantages, disadvantages and implications of the synthetic methodology developed by cognitive scientists, according to which mechanical models of the mind, such as computer simulations or self-organizing robots, may provide good explanatory tools to investigate cognition, are discussed. A difficulty with this methodology is pointed out, namely the use of meaningless information to explain (...) intelligent behavior that incorporates meaningful information. In this context, it is inquired what are the contributions of cognitive science to contemporary studies of intelligent behavior and how technology may play a role in the analysis of the relationships established by organisms in their natural and social environments. (shrink)

The unfinished imperfect procedural justice raised by John Rawls can be projected towards the theory of the jurisdictional function of Alf Ross, if we took in consideration the judge as an institution and citizen when he applies the law in the population that judges. The theory of the justice of the..

The article briefly approaches some questions on the main penal theories that they turn around the determination of the penalty in the sentenced ones of codified legal systems, being jurisdictional processes, among them, the theory of the danger of Cesar Lombroso. The tendency of these criminal po..

El texto aquí desarrollado aborda los principios más generales del realismo sociológico escandinavo, en particular de la teoría de la función jurisdiccional y del interés de Alf Ross, que sostiene a la objetividad y subjetividad como parte integrante de la actividad del juzgador, contrastán..

El uso prolongado de la voz es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de patologías vocales en docentes. Actualmente, estos profesionales se ven obligados a usar mascarilla para dictar sus clases, lo que puede resultar en alteraciones vocales. Durante la virtualización de las clases los docentes debieron adaptar algún espacio doméstico para desempeñar sus funciones frente a un computador, disminuyendo la actividad física y fomentando un estilo de vida sedentario, lo que pudo ocasionar algún trastorno músculo-esquelético. Con este panorama, (...) el propósito del estudio es identificar efectos en la voz por la mascarilla y lesiones músculo-esqueléticas en docentes. (shrink)

Background:The decision whether to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation may sometimes be ethically complex. While studies have addressed some of these issues, along with the role of nurses in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, most have not considered the importance of nurses acting as advocates for their patients with respect to cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Research objective:To explore what the nurse’s advocacy role is in cardiopulmonary resuscitation from the perspective of patients, relatives, and health professionals in the Basque Country (Spain).Research design:An exploratory critical qualitative study was conducted from (...) October 2015 to March 2016. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.Participants:Four discussion groups were held: one with patients and relatives (n = 8), two with nurses (n = 7 and n = 6, respectively), and one with physicians (n = 5).Ethical considerations:Approval was obtained from the Basque Country Clinical Research Ethics Committee.Findings:Three significant themes were identified: (a) accompanying patients during end of life in a context of medical dominance, (b) maintaining the pact of silence, and (c) yielding to legal uncertainty and concerns.Discussion:The values and beliefs of the actors involved, as well as pre-established social and institutional rules reduced nurses’ advocacy to that of intermediaries between the physician and the family within the hospital environment. On the contrary, in primary health care, nurses participated more actively within the interdisciplinary team.Conclusion:This study provides key information for the improvement and empowerment for ethical nursing practice in a cardiac arrest, and provides the perspective of patients and relatives, nurses and physicians. (shrink)

La Compañía de Jesús ha intentado en los últimos años establecer algunas directrices para ayudar a sus instituciones educativas a enfocar sus acciones por y para la misión. El “Paradigma Ledesma-Kolvenbach” se considera una buena base para hacerlo. Presenta cuatro dimensiones interdependientes (utilidad, justicia, humanismo y fe), que reflejan una visión integral y holística de la finalidad de una universidad. Sin embargo, es necesario hacer operativas estas dimensiones. Esta investigación desarrolla un modelo que ayuda a las universidades jesuitas a evaluar (...) su nivel de despliegue de las dimensiones en el ámbito de la docencia. (shrink)

El consumo mediático a través de diferentes redes sociales forma parte de la cultura digital adolescente. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir la propuesta metodológica cualitativa construida para conocer las influencias de las Tecnologías de la Relación, Información y Comunicación en un grupo-aula de Educación Primaria desde una perspectiva de género. Se utiliza un planteamiento etnográfico en el que se aplican diferentes técnicas de recogida de información como la observación participante, las asambleas o las sesiones de experimentación y creación mediática. (...) Finalmente, se ofrece una aproximación a resultados a modo de revisión exploratoria del trabajo de campo. (shrink)

La pandemia por Covid-19 ha supuesto un cambio notable en el sistema educativo. Las adaptaciones en la forma de enseñar han llevado a que primen unas metodologías sobre otras. El AC requiere relaciones interpersonales y por tanto es esperable que se haya visto afectado por la pandemia. En este artículo se analizan 177 aulas de secundaria y se observa que el AC no está suficientemente asentado pero que su uso es sensible a la asignatura, la edad del profesor y el (...) tipo de aula. (shrink)

Since its beginning, philosophy has established various relationships with poetry which are sometimes strained, at times less so and sometimes almost from complete oblivion. From Greece poetry started to be denounced: however, from the so-called crisis of reason it became essential to reopen and..

Following Goldman’s seminal work, most contemporary philosophical contributions on the novice-expert relation have adopted a normative, expert-focused approach. In this paper, we aim to shift the focus of the philosophical analysis towards the characteristics of the novices, and how they might determine the choices that experts make. On the bases of recent empirical evidence from social psychology, we discuss how novices evaluate the messages that they receive and distinguish diverse kinds of novices according to their competence in message assessment. Building (...) on that analysis, we discuss the difficulties of approaches to expertise that focus only on the standpoint of novices or assume novices are homogeneous. In our analysis, we introduce the standpoint of experts, and we pay special attention to the heterogeneity of novices. This approach allows us to identify and address the difficulties faced by experts in the context of science communication. In the last part of the paper, we characterise and discuss the problem of experts when choosing a strategy in the issuing of a public campaign to advise or inform certain populations of novices. (shrink)

This paper makes an assessment of a number of texts (classics) dealing with the debate on intellectual history, as well as the discussion about the being and must be of intellectuals. The idea is to demonstrate the relevance of this debate, as well as of its endless discussion, its trajectory in other disciplines and the need for more dialogue between those who practice them.

As Social Economy financial institutions, credit unions have traditionally been considered less efficient than traditional banking entities. However, like banks and savings banks, they have to be as efficient and competitive as possible to survive in today’s business environment, especially at times of crisis. To date, there have been very few studies on their efficiency and practically none for the crisis period. Moreover, almost all the existing studies assess only financial efficiency, without considering their social function. This study examines the (...) levels of both financial and social efficiency in Spanish credit unions as well as their main determinants during the recent crisis. We apply the two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis methodology based on panel data corresponding to all the credit unions active in Spain between 2008 and 2013. The empirical results indicate that financial and social efficiency achieved an acceptable level, although on average the former was slightly greater than the latter. We also find that both age and merger and acquisition activity were positively influential on the financial efficiency of credit unions but had a significant negative effect on their social efficiency. Moreover, the regional location of such entities and the financial crisis were also crucial determinants of both types of efficiency. Our findings are therefore useful for all the stakeholders of credit unions to know if these entities have been efficient according to a double bottom line accounting in the crisis period and hence to maintain successful social management that is compatible with satisfactory financial efficiency. (shrink)

Reproducción del artículo de Juan Carlos Torre, “Una nueva oposición social”, originalmente publicado en la revista Los Libros. Un mes de publicaciones en América Latina, n° 21, agosto 1971.

De entre el ingente corpus teórico del pensador franciscano Buenaventura de Bagnoregio, hemos focalizado aquí nuestra atención sobre el libro titulado Itinerarium mentis in Deum (1259), porque en él nuestro autor condensa el núcleo esencial de su peculiar Estética. Restringiendo aún más el enfoque investigador, en el presente artículo nos limitamos a analizar la primera de las tres fases o niveles en que Buenaventura estructura su Estética, a saber, la fase que podríamos denominar Estética inmanente. En ella, según el autor, (...) el ser humano puede llegar al conocimiento de Dios, si considera los seres materiales como vestigios e imágenes bellas que reflejan visiblemente la invisible belleza divina. En la segunda parte de nuestro artículo, intentamos poner en evidencia algunas tesis de filósofos precedentes que parecen haber inspirado casi con certeza a San Buenaventura en los enunciados básicos de su Estética inmanente. (shrink)

De entre el ingente _corpus_ teórico del pensador franciscano Buenaventura de Bagnoregio, hemos focalizado aquí nuestra atención sobre el libro titulado _Itinerarium mentis in_ _Deum_ (1259), porque en él nuestro autor condensa el núcleo esencial de su peculiar Estética. Restringiendo aún más el enfoque investigador, en el presente artículo nos limitamos a analizar la primera de las tres fases o niveles en que Buenaventura estructura su Estética, a saber, la fase que podríamos denominar Estética inmanente. En ella, según el autor, (...) el ser humano puede llegar al conocimiento de Dios, si considera los seres materiales como vestigios e imágenes bellas que reflejan visiblemente la invisible belleza divina. En la segunda parte de nuestro artículo, intentamos poner en evidencia algunas tesis de filósofos precedentes que parecen haber inspirado casi con certeza a San Buenaventura en los enunciados básicos de su Estética inmanente. (shrink)

Banking firms are becoming increasingly aware that their clients’ management of environmental and social risks may in term threaten their own business as lenders and investors. In addition, stakeholders are requiring banks to improve their social performance. As a result, some banks are developing corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and management systems to reduce potential risks and improve their performance. In the Spanish financial system, half of the banking firms are savings banks, most of which have always used some Corporate (...) Social Responsibility (CSR) criteria in their management. Private Banks have only recently started to integrate social aspects in their performance. However, no formal analysis has been carried out on the impact of CSR strategies. Various initiatives have been launched nationally and internationally to include the social dimension in management systems. The purpose of this research is to analyse the social performance of the main Spanish financial companies through public data such as social or sustainability reports and media sources. In order to do this, we need to determine which CSR criteria most greatly affect banking firms and to choose the most accurate quantitative and qualitative indicators to measure social performance. (shrink)

Este trabajo muestra los resultados de una investigación realizada en ESIC UNIVERSITY, consistente en la medición del impacto empresarial que puede tener la robótica. El estudio analiza las opiniones de los alumnos tras visitar y experimentar en un espacio dotado de robots y humanoides, denominado Aula Tech. Se realizó durante 2018 y 2021. El estudio fue cuantitativo. La muestra la compusieron 284 individuos, con paridad de género (140 mujeres y 139 hombres). Los resultados muestran el total desconocimiento de la robótica (...) en la empresa y el temor a la convivencia social. (shrink)

Introducción al dossier: “Revisitando el Cordobazo cincuenta años después”.

As Social Economy financial institutions, credit unions have traditionally been considered less efficient than traditional banking entities. However, like banks and savings banks, they have to be as efficient and competitive as possible to survive in today’s business environment, especially at times of crisis. To date, there have been very few studies on their efficiency and practically none for the crisis period. Moreover, almost all the existing studies assess only financial efficiency, without considering their social function. This study examines the (...) levels of both financial and social efficiency in Spanish credit unions as well as their main determinants during the recent crisis. We apply the two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis methodology based on panel data corresponding to all the credit unions active in Spain between 2008 and 2013. The empirical results indicate that financial and social efficiency achieved an acceptable level, although on average the former was slightly greater than the latter. We also find that both age and merger and acquisition activity were positively influential on the financial efficiency of credit unions but had a significant negative effect on their social efficiency. Moreover, the regional location of such entities and the financial crisis were also crucial determinants of both types of efficiency. Our findings are therefore useful for all the stakeholders of credit unions to know if these entities have been efficient according to a double bottom line accounting in the crisis period and hence to maintain successful social management that is compatible with satisfactory financial efficiency. (shrink)

This paper seeks to highlight the various interpretations that, before the Second Council of Constantinople, many Latin Church Fathers gave on several metaphorical expressions, such as “God’s temple,” “sanctuary,” “tabernacle,” “ark,” and other similar terms referring to spaces or containers reserved for deity. To address this issue, the author of this article structures his methodology on three strategies: the first consists in a profound tracking in Patristic and theological sources to detect some relevant statements by conspicuous Christian masters on the (...) subject; through the second, he analyzes intra-textually each found Patristic assertions to decipher the doctrinal interpretation that every Christian writer brings about such metaphors; by the third methodological strategy, he intertextually relates all these texts, and authors through a comparative analysis to highlight their possible concordances or discrepan- cies. Resumen Este artículo busca resaltar las diversas interpretaciones que, antes del Segundo Concilio de Constantinopla, muchos Padres de la Iglesia Latina dieron sobre varias expresiones metafóricas, como “templo de Dios”, “santuario”, “tabernáculo”, “arca”,y otros términos similares referidos a espacios o contenedores reservados a la divinidad. Para abordar este tema, el autor del presente artículo estructura su metodología en tres estrategias fundamentales: el primer paso consiste en un seguimiento sistemático y profundo en fuentes patrísticas y teológicas para detectar declaraciones relevantes de conspicuos maestros de la doctrina cristiana sobre el tema; a través del segundo procedimiento, analiza intra- textualmente cada una de las afirmaciones patrísticas encontradas para descifrar la interpretación doctrinal que cada escritor cristiano aporta sobre tales metáforas; mediante la tercera y conclusiva estra tegia metodológica, el autor relaciona intertextualmente todos estos textos y pensadores a través de un análisis comparativo para resaltar sus posibles concordias o discrepancias. (shrink)

Planar cell polarity (PCP)‐signaling and associated tissue polarization are evolutionarily conserved. A well documented feature of PCP‐signaling in vertebrates is its link to centriole/cilia positioning, although the relationship of PCP and ciliogenesis is still debated. A recent report in Drosophila established that Frizzled (Fz)‐PCP core signaling has an instructive input to polarized centriole positioning in non‐ciliated Drosophila wing epithelia as a PCP read‐out. Here, we review the impact of this observation in the context of recent descriptions of the relationship(s) of (...) core Fz‐PCP signaling and cilia/centriole positioning in epithelial and non‐epithelial cells. All existing data are consistent with a model where Fz‐PCP signaling functions upstream of centriole/cilia positioning, independent of ciliogenesis. The combined data sets indicate that the Fz‐Dsh PCP complex is instructive for centriole/ciliary positioning via an actin‐based mechanism. Thereby, centriole/cilia/centrosome positioning can be considered an evolutionarily conserved readout and common downstream effect of PCP‐signaling from flies to mammals. (shrink)

Se suele olvidar que los presocráticos, más que “filósofos” en el sentido actual de la palabra fueron hombres que sus contemporáneos tuvieron por sabios. He aquí una pequeña muestra de lo lejos que el Poema de Parménides se halla del tipo de lenguaje conceptual que occidente llama “filosófico”. La lengua del eléata es palabra viva y creadora como la de los poetas, pero también oscura y ambigua como la de los dioses. Quien lea a Parménides en la perspectiva de la (...) metafísica occidental y pase por alto su contenido poético, religioso, político y “preconceptual”, quizá termine lejos de su pensamiento originario. (shrink)

Los primeros filósofos fueron muy conscientes de la novedad que introdujeron en la forma de relacionarse con el mundo, a saber, un cambio en la mirada que se alejó de lo próximo e inmediato, para dirigirse contemplativamente hacia el todo. Del predominio que la visión tenía en la lengua griega, surgieron términos y metáforas como la de la ceguera de los mortales, que no sólo ilustran el contraste entre el modo de vida cotidiano y el filosófico, sino que también lo (...) dramatizan como la vieja anécdota sobre Tales. ¿Por qué, tanto ayer como hoy el filósofo es motivo de risa para la mayoría, mientras a sí mismo, se considera más bien objeto de la envidia de los dioses? (shrink)

En este artículo se presenta una revisión de los diferentes enfoques de enseñanza de la ecuación de segundo grado para Educación Secundaria que se conjetura serían necesarios con el fin de aumentar la calidad del aprendizaje con el rigor y el tratamiento requerido, resaltando el valor de este tópico en sí mismo y de sus aplicaciones. Además, se aportan los resultados de un estudio descriptivo exploratorio realizado sobre los conocimientos de la ecuación de segundo grado de alumnado de Enseñanza Secundaria (...) para finalmente extraer la conclusión de que su conocimiento no quedó consolidado y se precisa hacer cambios. (shrink)